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Explanatory writing, 82–86, 125–129, 144, 146
Exposition, 24
Expository texts, 27, 77
Expository writing, 27, 59, 72, 82, 115 External conflict, 15, 37
Falling action, 15, 24
Feedback
On speaking, 43, 86, 172
On writing, 40, 42, 43, 129 Fiction, 48
Figurative language, 2, 11, 13, 35, 36, 39, 41, 42, 69
Metaphor, 11, 12, 35, 39, 41 Personification, 35, 41 Simile, 11, 12, 35, 39, 41
Figurative meaning, 50
First-person point of view, 2, 9, 10, 39 First-person pronouns, 9 First-person sentences, 9
Five senses, 155
Formal style, 115, 121
Format, 27, 71
Free verse, 147
Grammar, 42
Adjectival phrases, 54 Adjectives, 54
possessive, 9 Adverb phrases, 98
Adverbs, 98, 100 modal, 11
Appositive phrases, 111 Appositives, 111 Clauses, 56, 58
combining, 56, 58, 80, 143, 145 dependent and independent,
78, 143
embedded, 98
to make connections, 56, 80, 143 subordinate, 141
Conjunctions, subordinate, 141 Noun phrase, 111, 155
Phrases
adjectival, 54 adverb, 98 appositive, 111 noun, 111, 155 prepositional, 98 with vivid verbs, 67
Prepositional phrases, 98 Prepositions, 98 Pronouns, 9
first-person, 9 objective, 9 plural, 9 possessive, 9 singular, 9 subjective, 9
Sentence(s) adverbials, 98
appositives, 111
complex, 78, 143 compound, 56, 58, 143, 145 compound-complex, 143 condense, 98
construction of, 69 dependent and independent
clauses, 78
expand, 98
with precise words, 121 simple, 143
Sentence variety, 143 Subordinate conjunctions, 141 Verbs, 67
active voice, 123
aspects, 96, 109 compounding, 98
in expressing inferences and
conclusions, 58, 76, 105, 118,
137, 150, 162
passive voice, 123
present and past participles, 109 regular and irregular, 109
in sentences, 58
subject-verb agreement, 96 tenses, 67, 96, 109, 110
variety of, 67, 96, 109
vivid, 22, 23, 41, 42, 67
Graphics, 42
Hook, 73
Iambic pentameter, 159
Identify, 69
Imagery, 67, 155, 157, 158
Images, 42
Incident, 2, 5, 9, 13, 40 Incident-response-reflection, 13, 39, 41,
42
Independent clause, 78, 143 Independent writing, 58, 71, 113, 157 Inferences, 63, 76, 95, 105, 108, 118, 120,
137, 140, 145, 150, 162 Inflection, 159
Informational text, 58, 71, 113, 134, 137, 157
Informative writing, 82–86, 125–129 Internal conflict, 15, 37
Interpreting text, 5, 18, 31, 51, 63, 76, 93,
105, 118, 137, 150 Introduction
In literature, 22, 73
In writing, 82, 84, 125 Irregular verbs, 109 Issue, 90
Language development
Academic language, 2, 3, 15, 16, 28, 29, 48, 49, 60, 61, 73, 74, 90, 91, 103,
115, 116, 134, 135, 147, 148, 160 Academic Vocabulary, 11, 56, 69, 80,
98, 143, 155, 168 Adjectival phrases, 54 Adjectives, 54 Adverbs, 98, 100
modal, 11 Affixes, 15, 73, 159, 168
Agreeing and disagreeing, 101 Antonyms, 50, 104 Appositives, 111
Base words, 168
Clauses
combining, 56, 58, 80, 143, 145 dependent and independent,
78, 143 embedded, 98 subordinate, 141
Cognates, 2, 60, 134, 147 Compare and contrast, 56, 145 Context clues, 93, 137, 166, 168 Diction (word choice), 2 Figurative language, 11, 35, 69
metaphor, 35 personification, 35 simile, 35
Figurative meaning, 50
Incident, 13
Literal meaning, 50
Meaning, 3, 50, 111
Metaphor, 11, 12
Morphology, 166, 168
Multiple meaning words, 37, 93, 137 Personal narrative, 13, 26
Precision, 2, 3, 15, 28, 48, 60, 73, 90, 98, 115, 121, 134, 135, 147, 155, 159
Prefixes, 168
Prepositions, 98
Pronouns, 9
Punctuation and rhythm of poetry,
153
Reference materials, 166, 168 Reflection, 13
Response, 13
Roots/root words, 15, 48, 73, 159, 168 Selecting resources, 2, 15, 28, 48, 60,
73, 90, 115, 134, 147, 159 Sensory language, 155 Sentences
adverbials, 98
appositives, 111
complex, 143
compound, 56, 58, 143, 145 compound-complex, 143 condense, 98
construction of, 69 dependent and independent
clauses, 78
Index 213
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