Page 137 - SpringBoard_ELD_Grade8_Flipbook

language
resources
Subordinating Conjunctions
although
because
as long as
that
when
wherever
whenever
while
language
resources
An adjectival clause tells who, what, which one, what kind and begins with a relative pronoun.
An adverbial clause tells why, where, under what conditions, or to what degree and
begins with a subordinating conjunction.
Language Resources: Relative Pronouns
Relative Pronoun
Sample Sentence with Adjectival Clause Underlined
What word does the clause modify?
which
Noodles, which many of us enjoy, can be messy to eat.
noodles
who
People who are clever can always find a way.
people
Sentence with Adjectival/Adverbial Clause Underlined
Impact of the Clause: Use and Placement
Do I have the right to represent the multitudes who have perished?
The clause clarifies that Wiesel is questioning his right to speak on behalf of a great number of people, all of whom have died.
As long as one child is hungry, our life will be filled with anguish and shame.
Wiesel said, “As long as one dissident is in prison, our freedom will not be true,” immediately prior. The parallel structure and repeated use of the adverbial clauses emphasizes Wiesel’s condemnation of those who would allow even “one” to suffer.
aCTiViTY 2.5
how english Works:
adverbial and adjectival Clauses
HEW
Learning Targets
• Analyze and evaluate the use of adverbial and adjectival clauses in Wiesel’s speech.
• Write a short argument citing an effective sentence with an adverbial or adjectival clause and explaining why it is effective.
Adverbial and Adjectival Clauses
A clause is a group of words with a subject and a verb, and a clause may or may not form a complete sentence. A subordinate clause cannot stand alone as a sentence and will begin with either a subordinating conjunction or a relative pronoun. An adjectival clause is a type of subordinate clause. It modifies a noun or pronoun and almost always appears right after the noun or pronoun. An adverbial clause is also a subordinate clause and usually modifies a verb. It can appear anywhere in a sentence and begins with a subordinating conjunction.
Skim the excerpt from the Nobel Acceptance Speech, and look for relative pronouns and subordinating conjunctions. Use the Language Resources charts as a reference. Place an RP by the relative pronouns and an SC by the subordinating conjunctions as you find them in the text. In the chart on the next page, write the sentences you found with adjectival or adverbial clauses in the first column, and underline the clause. In the second column, explain how the speaker’s placement and use of the clause impacts the listener or reader. Examples have been provided for you.
114 SpringBoard® English Language Development grade 8
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