Page 255 - SpringBoard_ELA_Grade7_Flipbook

aCTIvITy 3.19
continued
visual Impact
my Notes
Informational Text
Landmarks of
Nelson Mandela’s Life
BBC News Early Days
1918 – Rolihlahla Dalibhunga Mandela is born into a tribal clan in a small village in South Africa’s Eastern Cape. He is later given his English name, Nelson, by a teacher at his school.
1919 – His father is dispossessed on the orders of a white magistrate, losing most of his cattle, land and income.
Campaign Begins
1943 – Joins the African National Congress (ANC), initially as an activist.
1944 – With close friends Oliver Tambo and Walter Sislu, Mr Mandela forms the Youth League of the ANC. Marries his first wife, Evelyn Mase. They were divorced in 1957 after having three children.
1955 – The Freedom Charter is adopted at the Congress of the People, calling for equal rights and equal share of wealth with the country’s white population.
1956 – Mr Mandela, along with 155 other political activists, is accused of conspiring to overthrow the South African state by violent means and is charged with high treason. But the charges are dropped after a four-year trial.
1960 – Police open fire on men, women, and children in Sharpeville protesting the new Pass Laws which limited the movement of blacks, killing 69 of them. The ANC is banned, and Mandela forms an underground military wing.
Life Sentence
1964 – Captured by police after more than a year on the run, he is convicted of sabotage and treason in June and sentenced to life imprisonment, initially on Robben Island. His wife Winnie spearheads a campaign for his release.
1968 and 1969 – His mother dies and his eldest son is killed in a car crash. Mandela is not allowed to attend the funerals.
1980 – His friend Mr Tambo, who is in exile, launches an international campaign for his release.
1986 – The international community tightens sanctions against South Africa. It is estimated that, between 1988 and 1990, the economic embargoes cost the country’s treasury more than $4bn in revenue.
228 SpringBoard® English Language Arts Grade 7
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