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aCTIVITy 4.8
continued
Preview
In this activity, you will read an excerpt from a novel and think about the author’s use of irony to create comic situations.
Setting a Purpose for Reading
• As you read the excerpt, underline words and phrases that explain what is happening in the plot.
• Circle unknown words and phrases. Try to determine the meaning of the words by using context clues, word parts, or a dictionary.
• Place a “D” by examples of dialect.
literary Terms
Dialect is a regional
or social variety of a language distinguished by pronunciation, grammar, or vocabulary. This section of the story includes a depiction of Tom’s and Jim’s dialects.
Teacher
About the Author
Born Samuel Langhorne Clemens, Mark Twain (1835–1910) was an American author and humorist. He is noted for his novels The Adventures of Huckle- berry Finn (1885), called “the Great American Novel,” and The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (1876). He has been lauded as the “greatest American humor- ist of his age,” and William Faulkner called Twain “the father of American literature.”
my Notes
Novel
From Tom The Adventures of
Sawyer
by Mark Twain
“A Day’s Work”
Chunk 1
1 SATURDAY morning was come, and all the summer world was bright and fresh,
and brimming with life. There was a song in every heart; and if the heart was young the music issued at the lips. There was cheer in every face and a spring in every step. The locust-trees were in bloom and the fragrance of the blossoms filled the air. Cardiff Hill, beyond the village and above it, was green with vegetation and it lay just far enough away to seem a Delectable Land, dreamy, reposeful, and inviting.
Chunk 2
2 Tom appeared on the sidewalk with a bucket of whitewash and a long-handled
brush. He surveyed the fence, and all gladness left him and a deep melancholy settled down upon his spirit. Thirty yards of board fence nine feet high. Life to him seemed hollow, and existence but a burden. Sighing, he dipped his brush and passed it along the topmost plank; repeated the operation; did it again; compared the insignificant whitewashed streak with the far-reaching continent of unwhitewashed fence, and sat down on a tree-box discouraged. Jim came skipping out at the gate with a tin pail, and singing Buffalo Gals. Bringing water from the town pump had always been hateful
Word CoNNeCTIoNs
Multiple Meaning Words
The word whitewash has come to have a second meaning. In this story, whitewash means “a whitening mixture used on fences and walls.” The word has also come to mean “to conceal or cover up crimes, scandals, flaws, or failures.” You can see how this usage comes from the idea of
using whitewash to cover up something bad.
Unit 4 • The Challenge of Comedy 289
ScaFFOLDING The TexT-DePeNDeNT
acTIVITY 4.8 continued TO Teacher
Feel free to substitute other film clips that include comic situations in which characters are the victims of unlikely circumstances, for example, Monsters, Inc. (Scene 11: 0:22:00– 0:25:09) in which a child scares a monster.
Many other films contain comic situations. Elf, directed by Jon Favreau, 2003; and Night at the Museum, directed by Shawn Levy, 2006 are two. Clips from many of these films can be found on Youtube or Teachertube.
5 Discuss the meaning of dialect.
Text Complexity Overall: Complex
Lexile: 910L
Qualitative: Moderate Difficulty Task: Moderate (Analyze)
6 Read the Preview and the Setting a Purpose for Reading sections with your students. Help them understand any literary terms they encounter.
7 FIRST READ: Based on the complexity of the passage and your knowledge of your students, you may choose to conduct the first reading in a variety of ways:
• independent reading • paired reading
• small group reading • choral reading
• read aloud
8 As students are reading,
monitor their progress. Be sure
they are engaged with the text and annotating words and phrases that identify the plot as well as examples of dialect. Evaluate whether the selected reading mode is effective.
cOMMON cOre STaTe STaNDarDS
or religious works such as the Bible, including
M 9781457304644_TCB_LA_SE_L8_U4.indd 289
describing how the material is rendered new”).
Additional Standards Addressed:
RL.8.1; RL.8.2; RL.8.3; W.8.2a; W.8.2b; W.8.2c; W.8.2d; W.8.2e; W.8.4; W.8.5; SL.8.1b; L.8.1a; L.8.5a; L.8.6
QUeSTIONS
15/04/15
1:48 AM
3. Craft and Structure (RL.8.4) What does
the word “reposeful” mean in paragraph 1? What clues in the text help you understand the meaning of the word? Read paragraph 1. What is the author’s tone? What feelings do the following words and phrases create as you read them: “song in every heart,” “locust-trees in bloom,” “fragrance of the blossom,” “far away, dreamy?”
Unit 4 • The Challenge of Comedy 289
© 2017 College Board. All rights reserved.
© 2017 College Board. All rights reserved.