Page 147 - SpringBoard_Writing_Workshop_Grade7_Flipbook

Activities 3.4, 3.7
Unit 3
Lesson: Varying Sentence Structures
Learning Targets
• Explain the function of phrases and clauses in general and their function in specific sentences. • Choose among simple, compound, complex, and compound–complex sentences to signal
differing relationships among ideas.
Sentences are made of clauses. Clauses contain subjects and verbs and may contain modifiers, objects, complements, and other sentence parts. Different kinds of sentences contain different numbers and kinds of clauses.
An independent clause contains a subject and a verb and expresses a complete thought. It can stand alone as a complete sentence.
EXAMPLE: This is an independent clause.
A dependent (or subordinate) clause contains a subject and a verb but does not express a complete thought. It
cannot stand alone as a complete sentence. EXAMPLE: because this is a dependent clause
Kinds of Sentences and Their Structures
Examples (subjects and verbs are boldfaced)
Simple
contains one independent clause
Enrique got the job.
Are you ready?
I am going to my aunt’s house for Thanksgiving.
Compound
contains two or more independent clauses and no dependent clauses
Enrique got the job, and he starts Monday.
Are you ready, or do you need more time? [The verb includes the
helping verb do.]
I am going to my aunt’s house for Thanksgiving, and I am looking forward to the trip. [The verb includes the helping verb am.]
Complex
contains one independent clause and at least one dependent clause
Because he had the required skills, Enrique got the job.
Are you ready, even though you started late?
I am going to my aunt’s house, which is in Chicago, for Thanksgiving.
Compound– Complex
contains two or more independent clauses and at least one dependent clause
Because he had the required skills, Enrique got the job, and he starts Monday.
Are you ready, even though you started late, or do you need more time?
I am going to my aunt’s house, which is in Chicago, for Thanksgiving, and I am looking forward to the trip.
Grammar Activities • Unit 3 1
© 2017 College Board. All rights reserved.