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aCTIvITy 3.8
continued
acTiViTY 3.8 continued
7 Provide instruction on language issues (e.g., mechanics, usage) that are posing challenges for students. Have them edit their paragraphs
for these specific problems. This would be a good time to emphasize the use of appositives. Draw students’ attention to examples
on the page and ask them to revise at least one of their sentences to include appositives. To further develop students’ language
skills, you may need to provide additional instruction in elements of language use.
Grammar Extension Explain
to students that they can often combine short sentences by using appositives.
Example: Joey is Mike Costello’s brother. Paul becomes friends with Joey.
Combined: Paul becomes friends with Joey, Mike Costello’s brother.
Prepositional phrases all begin with a preposition and end with a noun. You have probably already memorized a list of common prepositions, all of which establish a relationship to a noun. Common prepositions are in, on, to, under, near, above, by, from, around, beyond. Use prepositions to create your own sentences like the ones below.
Prepositional Phrase Examples:
I took the casserole in the refrigerator to the party. John took a book about dinosaurs from the library.
Using Appositives
An appositive is a noun or noun phrase placed near another noun to explain or
identify it. It is separated from the noun it renames with commas.
Read the following examples of appositives and appositive phrases:
• Tangerine, Edward Bloor’s first novel, takes place in Florida.
• Paul, the main character of the novel, is a soccer player.
• Erik, Paul’s older brother, is a senior in high school.
• Edward Bloor’s first novel, Tangerine, takes place in Florida.
• Eric, the star athlete, and Arthur, his devoted sidekick, are bullies.
Notice the punctuation of the sentences above. Which sentence does not use a phrase as an appositive?
3. Choose one sentence from your literary analysis paragraph on the previous page. Revise it to include a prepositional phrase and/or an appositive. Copy your revised sentence here and share it with a partner.
Tangerine Middle School, the school in the next town, becomes a symbol for a future that he thinks will be as bright and sunny as a ripe tangerine because no one knows about his IEP.
Check Your Understanding
As you continue to read the novel Tangerine, take notes in your double-entry journal by applying the SIFT strategy. Pay particular attention to recurring symbols, imagery, and themes that are possible motifs.
Grammar USaGe
Appositives
An appositive is a noun or phrase placed near another noun to explain or identify it. For example, in the following sentence, “a sixth-grade teacher” is an appositive identifying Mrs. Harrison.
Mrs. Harrison, a sixth-grade teacher, has taught at El Rancho Middle School for 10 years.
my Notes
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aSSeSS
Check the literary analysis paragraphs to be sure that students identified theme in the topic sentence, used literary terms correctly, and provided textual evidence in the form of quotes.
aDaPT
If you are using an alternative prompt for the Embedded Assessment that involves theme, you may want to revisit the SIFT strategy at the end of Part 2 and Part 3 of the novel.
Unit 3 • Choices and Consequences 187
© 2017 College Board. All rights reserved.
© 2017 College Board. All rights reserved.