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4. Read these sentences from Abraham Lincoln’s second Inaugural Address and underline the parallel structure.
“To strengthen, perpetuate, and extend this interest [slavery] was the object for which the insurgents would rend the Union, even by war ...”
“With malice toward none; with charity for all; with firmness in the right, as God gives us to see the right, let us strive on to finish the work we are in ...”
5. Underline the parallel clauses in these sentences from John F. Kennedy’s Inaugural Address.
“The torch has been passed to a new generation of Americans—born in this century, tempered by war, disciplined by a hard and bitter peace, proud of our ancient heritage. ...”
“Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill, that we shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe, to assure the survival and the success of liberty.”
6. Martin Luther King Jr., in his “I Have a Dream” speech, takes parallelism one step further to create a memorable form of repetition called anaphora. Read the sentences below. How would you describe this form of parallelism? Discuss with a partner what effect this parallelism has.
“Now is the time to make real the promises of democracy. Now is the time to rise from the dark and desolate valley of segregation to the sunlit path of racial justice. Now is the time to lift our nation from the quicksands of racial injustice to the solid rock of brotherhood. Now is the time to make justice a reality for all of God’s children.”
Check Your Understanding
Rewrite the following sentences to correct the faulty parallelism. Use the My Notes space or separate paper.
1. Maria likes hiking, to swim, and to ride a bicycle.
2. Ms. Shapiro said that Anthony would get a good grade because he was a good student, he took good notes, he studied for tests early, and his labs were completed carefully.
3. Coach Taylor told the players that they should get a lot of sleep, eat a good breakfast, arrive early, and to do warm-up exercises before the game.
4. The dictionary can be used for these purposes: to find word meanings, pronunciations, correct spellings, and looking up irregular verbs.
My Notes
ACTIVITY 1.4
continued
ACTIVITY 1.4 continued
7 The additional examples by Martin Luther King, Jr. and John F. Kennedy provide students with powerful examples of parallelism. You might ask students to create their own powerful sentences using parallel words, phrases, and clauses by emulating the model sentences.
8 After students examine the effective use of parallel structure, ask them to correct the examples
of faulty parallelism in Check Your Understanding. They need to identify the structure that is not parallel
and revise it to match the parallel pattern.
Literary Terms
Anaphora is the repetition of the same word or group of words at the beginnings of two
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or more clauses or lines.
Unit 1 • Coming of Age 15
ASSESS
Use the written Check Your Understanding task to assess
your students’ ability to recognize and correct faulty parallelism.
The corrected sentences should demonstrate an understanding of how to write using parallel structure.
ADAPT
If students need additional help recognizing parallel structure
and correcting faulty parallelism, ask students to practice parallel structure by varying their corrections. You may want to create more sentences for them to correct, or you may ask them to emulate any of the previous examples of parallel structure by writing some sentences of their own. Then ask students to write their sentences on the board or share them with others to check for correctness.
Don’t forget to refer to the Grammar Handbook or to provide other grammar references and style guides in your classroom. You might ask students to search for examples of parallel structure in the texts included in the activities.
Unit 1 • Coming of Age 15
© 2017 College Board. All rights reserved.
© 2017 College Board. All rights reserved.